RPTM Podcast Episode Sixty Four: Mesoamerican Mingle

In ancient Mesoamerica, the Maya performed elaborate rituals involving special drinks like "balché," concocted from plant bark and honey from psychedelic bees. This beverage was consumed to establish connections with spirits, foresee the future, and gain insights into illnesses, weather, and wars. The Mayans also utilized tobacco and psychoactive substances in their ceremonies, with peyote, a hallucinogenic cactus, playing a significant role in inducing vivid visions and altering time perception. Toads' toxic substances were sometimes added to enhance the potency of these drinks, while "toloache," known as the "devil's herb," was employed for healing and altered consciousness rituals. This Mesoamerican drug culture offers valuable insights into ancient beliefs and traditions, showcasing how certain practices and substances continue to influence contemporary drug culture, demonstrating both positive aspects, such as spiritual connections and medicinal uses, and potential negatives, like addiction and harm to individuals and communities.

Gender roles and identities in ancient Mesoamerica were diverse and fluid. Artifacts from the period indicate that individuals did not rigidly conform to traditional male or female categories, as depictions often featured bodies lacking apparent gender features. Elite members of society would sometimes adopt clothing associated with the opposite gender during rituals. Sexuality was viewed as a sacred and magical act tied to the creation of life, and myths and traditions demonstrated acceptance of sexuality and masturbation. Understanding the historical context of sex and gender in Mesoamerica provides valuable insights into diverse gender identities and roles. It also fosters a broader perspective on inclusivity, encouraging acceptance of those who don't conform to traditional gender norms.

Main Topics:

• 2:38 Drugs In Mesoamerican Culture
  
• 6:03 Sex In Mesoamerican Culture
  
• 8:45 Human Sacrifice In Mesoamerican Culture
  
• 12:44 Commercial Break
  
• 14:58 Christopher Columbus
  
• 17:47 The Columbian Exchange
  
• 21:20 Ponce de Leon and Friends
  
• 24:16 Closing
  
• 26:37 Outro

​
Step into the Time Machine: Hit that subscribe button to ensure you never miss an episode! Support our podcast by leaving a review, sharing your favorite episodes with friends, and helping us spread the love for all things history-related. Subscribe, engage, and be part of the RPTM Podcast community today! 

Hosts:
Ryan Lancaster
ARCHIE
HILDY

Producer: Ryan Lancaster
Executive Producer: Ryan Lancaster
Sound Engineer: Ryan Lancaster
Editor: Ryan Lancaster
Theme Music Composer: Craig Riley
Artwork Design: Ryan Lancaster
Recorded at: Ryan Lancaster Studios

Email: ryan.g.lancaster@gmail.com

Social Media:
Facebook: Ryan Lancaster
Instagram: ryan.g.lancaster
Twitter: @MayorMcSweet
YouTube: RyanGLancaster
Website: www. ryanglancaster.com

Hey, welcome to the work cited section! Here's where you'll find all the heavy hitters that inspired the content you've just consumed. Some might think citations are as dull as unbuttered toast, but nothing gets my intellectual juices flowing like a good reference list. Don't get me wrong, just because we've cited a source; doesn't mean we're always going to see eye-to-eye. But that's the beauty of it - it's up to you to chew on the material and come to conclusions. Listen, we've gone to great lengths to ensure these citations are accurate, but let's face it, we're all human. So, give us a holler if you notice any mistakes or suggest more sources. We're always looking to up our game. Ultimately, it's all about pursuing knowledge and truth. 
​

• Anderson, Edward F. Peyote: The Divine Cactus. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1996.
  
• Bauer, Susan Wise. The History of the Renaissance World: From the Rediscovery of Aristotle to the Conquest of Constantinople. W. W. Norton & Company, 2013.
  
• Bergreen, Laurence. Columbus: The Four Voyages. Penguin Books, 2011.
  
• Carrasco, David. City of Sacrifice: The Aztec Empire and the Role of Violence in Civilization. Beacon Press, 2000.
  
• Cronon, William. Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England. New York: Hill and Wang, 1983.
  
• Crosby, Alfred W. The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 1972.
  
• Hoffman, Paul E. Florida's Frontiers. Indiana University Press, 2002.
  
• Mann, Charles C. 1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created. New York: Vintage Books, 2012.
  
• Phillips, William D., Jr. Slavery from Roman Times to the Early Transatlantic Trade. University of Minnesota Press, 1985.
  
• Restall, Matthew. Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest. Oxford University Press, 2003.
  
• Schultes, Richard Evans, and Albert Hofmann. Plants of the Gods: Their Sacred, Healing, and Hallucinogenic Powers. Healing Arts Press, 1992.
  
• Taube, Karl A. "Aztec and Maya Myths." University of Texas Press, 1993.
  
• Townsend, Richard F. "The Aztecs." 2nd ed., Thames & Hudson, 2009.
  
• Zinn, Howard. A People's History of the United States. Harper Perennial Modern Classics, 2015.

Content Ownership and Use
All content, including but not limited to audio recordings, text, images, graphics, and any other material available through the Podcast, is protected by copyright law. The Podcast and its content are owned and operated by Professor Lancaster unless otherwise indicated.

Permissions and Fair Use
You may listen to, download, and share episodes of the Podcast for personal, non-commercial use only. Any other use, including but not limited to reproduction, distribution, or public performance, requires the explicit written consent of Professor Lancaster.

Third-Party Content
The Podcast may feature content or materials from third parties, including guest interviews, music, or excerpts from other sources. The rights and permissions for such third-party content are the responsibility of the respective copyright owners, and their use may be subject to separate terms and conditions.

Disclaimers
The Podcast is provided for informational and entertainment purposes only. The views and opinions expressed in the Podcast are those of the hosts and guests.

The Podcast does not constitute legal, financial, medical, or professional advice. Listeners should consult with relevant professionals for specific advice related to their circumstances.

Changes to Terms
We reserve the right to modify, amend, or update this Legal and Copyright Information anytime. It is your responsibility to review this document periodically for changes.

RPTM Podcast