HST 201 Module #8
Module Eight: The Greatest Show! (1828 CE - 1837 CE)
The period from 1828 CE to 1837 is a crucial decade in US history, marked by significant political, social, and economic changes. This period witnessed the rise of Jacksonian democracy, the Second Great Awakening, the Trail of Tears, and the Panic of 1837. Studying this era is crucial today because it provides valuable insights into the evolution of American society, politics, and economics. This essay will explore the key events and their significance, both positive and negative, and their relevance to contemporary American society.
The election of 1828 marked the beginning of the Jacksonian era, characterized by the expansion of democracy, the rise of popular politics, and the emergence of a new political party, the Democrats. Andrew Jackson, the first president elected from the Democratic Party, was a symbol of this new era. He championed the common man, expanded suffrage, and sought to limit the power of the federal government. Jackson's presidency was marked by several significant events, such as the Nullification Crisis, the Bank War, and the Indian Removal Act.
The Nullification Crisis, which began in 1832, was a constitutional crisis that tested the limits of federal power. South Carolina, led by John C. Calhoun, sought to nullify federal tariffs that they believed favored Northern manufacturers at the expense of Southern farmers. Jackson responded with a show of force, threatening to use military force to enforce federal law. The crisis was eventually resolved through a compromise that lowered the tariffs, but it set a precedent for future conflicts between state and federal power.
The Bank War was another significant event of the Jacksonian era, as it pitted Jackson against the powerful Second Bank of the United States. Jackson believed that the bank was a tool of the wealthy elite and sought to dismantle it. He vetoed the renewal of the bank's charter, and the bank eventually went out of existence. The Bank War marked a turning point in American economic policy, as it signaled a shift away from a centralized banking system and towards a more decentralized, state-based system.
The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was one of the darkest chapters in American history. The act authorized the forced removal of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands in the Southeast to territories west of the Mississippi River. This led to the infamous Trail of Tears, in which thousands of Native Americans died from exposure, disease, and starvation. The Indian Removal Act was a tragic reminder of the brutality of American expansionism and the systematic mistreatment of indigenous peoples.
The Second Great Awakening was a religious revival that swept across the United States in the early 19th century. It was characterized by emotional preaching, mass conversions, and the rise of new religious denominations, such as the Mormons and Seventh-Day Adventists. The Second Great Awakening had a profound impact on American society, as it inspired social reform movements, such as abolitionism and temperance. It also led to the creation of new institutions, such as the YMCA and the American Bible Society.
The Panic of 1837 was a financial crisis that marked the end of the Jacksonian era. It was triggered by a combination of factors, including the collapse of the land speculation market, the failure of several major banks, and the withdrawal of British investment. The Panic of 1837 had a devastating impact on the American economy, leading to widespread unemployment, bankruptcy, and poverty. It also set the stage for the Whig Party to take power and for the United States to begin to embrace a more centralized economic system.
In conclusion, the period from 1828 to 1837 is a crucial decade in US history that shaped the trajectory of American society, politics, and economics. Studying this era provides valuable insights into the evolution of American democracy, the role of the federal government, and the treatment of indigenous peoples. The positives and negatives of this era are clear: on the one hand, it was a time of great political and social change, marked by the expansion of democracy and the rise of social reform movements. On the other hand, it was also a time of great injustice, particularly with regards to the treatment of Native Americans.
Today, the legacy of the Jacksonian era continues to be felt in American politics and society. The issues of state versus federal power, the role of the presidency, and the treatment of marginalized communities continue to be hotly debated. By studying the events of this period, we can gain a better understanding of these issues and their historical roots, which can inform contemporary discussions and debates.
THE RUNDOWN
QUESTIONS
The period from 1828 CE to 1837 is a crucial decade in US history, marked by significant political, social, and economic changes. This period witnessed the rise of Jacksonian democracy, the Second Great Awakening, the Trail of Tears, and the Panic of 1837. Studying this era is crucial today because it provides valuable insights into the evolution of American society, politics, and economics. This essay will explore the key events and their significance, both positive and negative, and their relevance to contemporary American society.
The election of 1828 marked the beginning of the Jacksonian era, characterized by the expansion of democracy, the rise of popular politics, and the emergence of a new political party, the Democrats. Andrew Jackson, the first president elected from the Democratic Party, was a symbol of this new era. He championed the common man, expanded suffrage, and sought to limit the power of the federal government. Jackson's presidency was marked by several significant events, such as the Nullification Crisis, the Bank War, and the Indian Removal Act.
The Nullification Crisis, which began in 1832, was a constitutional crisis that tested the limits of federal power. South Carolina, led by John C. Calhoun, sought to nullify federal tariffs that they believed favored Northern manufacturers at the expense of Southern farmers. Jackson responded with a show of force, threatening to use military force to enforce federal law. The crisis was eventually resolved through a compromise that lowered the tariffs, but it set a precedent for future conflicts between state and federal power.
The Bank War was another significant event of the Jacksonian era, as it pitted Jackson against the powerful Second Bank of the United States. Jackson believed that the bank was a tool of the wealthy elite and sought to dismantle it. He vetoed the renewal of the bank's charter, and the bank eventually went out of existence. The Bank War marked a turning point in American economic policy, as it signaled a shift away from a centralized banking system and towards a more decentralized, state-based system.
The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was one of the darkest chapters in American history. The act authorized the forced removal of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands in the Southeast to territories west of the Mississippi River. This led to the infamous Trail of Tears, in which thousands of Native Americans died from exposure, disease, and starvation. The Indian Removal Act was a tragic reminder of the brutality of American expansionism and the systematic mistreatment of indigenous peoples.
The Second Great Awakening was a religious revival that swept across the United States in the early 19th century. It was characterized by emotional preaching, mass conversions, and the rise of new religious denominations, such as the Mormons and Seventh-Day Adventists. The Second Great Awakening had a profound impact on American society, as it inspired social reform movements, such as abolitionism and temperance. It also led to the creation of new institutions, such as the YMCA and the American Bible Society.
The Panic of 1837 was a financial crisis that marked the end of the Jacksonian era. It was triggered by a combination of factors, including the collapse of the land speculation market, the failure of several major banks, and the withdrawal of British investment. The Panic of 1837 had a devastating impact on the American economy, leading to widespread unemployment, bankruptcy, and poverty. It also set the stage for the Whig Party to take power and for the United States to begin to embrace a more centralized economic system.
In conclusion, the period from 1828 to 1837 is a crucial decade in US history that shaped the trajectory of American society, politics, and economics. Studying this era provides valuable insights into the evolution of American democracy, the role of the federal government, and the treatment of indigenous peoples. The positives and negatives of this era are clear: on the one hand, it was a time of great political and social change, marked by the expansion of democracy and the rise of social reform movements. On the other hand, it was also a time of great injustice, particularly with regards to the treatment of Native Americans.
Today, the legacy of the Jacksonian era continues to be felt in American politics and society. The issues of state versus federal power, the role of the presidency, and the treatment of marginalized communities continue to be hotly debated. By studying the events of this period, we can gain a better understanding of these issues and their historical roots, which can inform contemporary discussions and debates.
THE RUNDOWN
- The Jacksonian era marked the rise of democracy, popular politics, and the Democratic Party.
- Key events during this period included the Nullification Crisis, the Bank War, and the Indian Removal Act.
- The Second Great Awakening was a religious revival that had a profound impact on American society, inspiring social reform movements and new religious denominations.
- The Panic of 1837 was a financial crisis that had a devastating impact on the American economy.
- The positives of this era include the expansion of democracy and the rise of social reform movements, while the negatives include the mistreatment of Native Americans.
- Studying this era is important today as it provides insights into the evolution of American democracy, the role of the federal government, and the treatment of marginalized communities.
QUESTIONS
- How did the election of Andrew Jackson in 1828 represent a shift towards popular politics and the expansion of democracy in the United States? What were some of the key features of Jacksonian democracy?
- The Nullification Crisis of 1832 tested the limits of federal power and set a precedent for future conflicts between state and federal power. How did this crisis ultimately get resolved? In what ways did it impact American political and constitutional history?
- The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was a dark chapter in American history that authorized the forced removal of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands. What were some of the consequences of this policy, and how did it reflect the broader tensions between American expansionism and indigenous rights?
#8 Focus on the Vices
This is true for several reasons. First and most is pragmatic: it’s the sheer entertainment value. Breaking down the history of sex, drugs, and violence captivates audiences (as mentioned in earlier podcasts). Our lizard brain deep down in the recesses of our minds are completely captivated by carnal pleasures. Secondly, vices are an innate connection to us all. While you may not have not engaged in nefarious activities, you at one point have ingested a stimulant, been in a fight, or been sexually aroused. Vices are to a certain extent, egalitarian in that respect. And lastly, we need to study the ways vices are suppressed throughout history. Not “what” people were doing, but “why” someone would want to stop them from doing it.
In the annals of human history, few topics have stirred as much intrigue, inquiry, and contention as vices. These are the pernicious habits or actions that society deems unethical or taboo. Exploring vices is an important endeavor, unlocking a deeper understanding of human conduct, societal beliefs, and cultural norms. In this discourse, our attention will be riveted on studying history-related vices. We shall scrutinize the merits and demerits of this pursuit, citing specific instances and dates. Furthermore, we shall expound on the ongoing pertinence of this field of study.
When we take a gander at the vices of yore, we can learn a thing or two about the norms and practices of those ancient times. We can peek into the Greeks' perspectives on society, faith, and culture by scrutinizing vino consumption. For instance, the ancient Greeks saw wine as a vice, but only when it caused raucousness and disorder. However, they also viewed wine as a symbol of sophistication and culture, and it played a crucial part in their religious and societal rituals. Similarly, gambling was all the rage in medieval Europe among the highfalutin and the wealthy. The church and the ruling elite frowned upon this vice, but it also served as a way to socialize and form connections. By studying gambling in medieval Europe, we can gain insight into the values and social dynamics of that time, as well as the role of vices in the lives of the powerful.
But here's the thing, folks. Vices, as they say, can be a double-edged sword. Sure, it may seem fascinating to delve into the dark underbelly of humanity and explore the various addictions and indulgences that define us. But there's a danger lurking beneath the surface, my friends. Take opium smoking in China, for instance. It was all the rage in the 19th and early 20th centuries. But with popularity comes scrutiny, and soon enough, this vice became associated with moral decay and social disorder. And let's not forget how it was used as a symbol of China's supposed weakness and inferiority in the eyes of the Western world.
We can study these vices and try to understand them better. But let's not forget that we risk perpetuating negative stereotypes and stigmatizing entire cultures and societies. It's a fine line we tread, my friends, a fantastic line indeed. Studying the vices of prostitution, homosexuality, and drug use in Western societies can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and ostracize already marginalized communities. It's crucial to approach these subjects tactfully and understand, eschewing any reinforcement of discriminatory beliefs or attitudes. Studying sins can give us a peek into the deepest, darkest corners of human behavior. It's like looking into the abyss and seeing what kind of freaky shit we're capable of.
But it's not just about getting our jollies from studying the seedy underbelly of society. No, sir, this is about understanding cultural norms and societal values. We can learn how our ancestors dealt with moral and ethical dilemmas and how they built their cultural identities. And that's important, man. Cause if we don't learn from the past, we're doomed to repeat it. And let's remember ourselves, my friends. By studying vices, we can take a long hard look in the mirror and reflect on our values and behaviors. It's like shining a blacklight on our souls, man. We can see all the stains and blemishes we've tried to hide. But that's okay cause we can use that knowledge to understand better the crazy social and cultural dynamics of our own time. So don't be afraid to embrace the dark side, folks. It's all part of the ride. Just make sure you buckle up because it will be wild.
Listen, lads, the past is full of vice and sin, but it isn't all bad. If you study it right, you can learn a thing or two about human nature, culture, and society. Mind you; there be pitfalls on this path - we want to avoid the fires of bigotry and hate. We should approach this study carefully and understand, lest we fall into the same traps as our ancestors. But, mark my words, by studying vice and sin in the annals of history, we can better grasp our values and behaviors and the intricate workings of our world.
THE RUNDOWN
THE STATE OF THE UNION
This is true for several reasons. First and most is pragmatic: it’s the sheer entertainment value. Breaking down the history of sex, drugs, and violence captivates audiences (as mentioned in earlier podcasts). Our lizard brain deep down in the recesses of our minds are completely captivated by carnal pleasures. Secondly, vices are an innate connection to us all. While you may not have not engaged in nefarious activities, you at one point have ingested a stimulant, been in a fight, or been sexually aroused. Vices are to a certain extent, egalitarian in that respect. And lastly, we need to study the ways vices are suppressed throughout history. Not “what” people were doing, but “why” someone would want to stop them from doing it.
In the annals of human history, few topics have stirred as much intrigue, inquiry, and contention as vices. These are the pernicious habits or actions that society deems unethical or taboo. Exploring vices is an important endeavor, unlocking a deeper understanding of human conduct, societal beliefs, and cultural norms. In this discourse, our attention will be riveted on studying history-related vices. We shall scrutinize the merits and demerits of this pursuit, citing specific instances and dates. Furthermore, we shall expound on the ongoing pertinence of this field of study.
When we take a gander at the vices of yore, we can learn a thing or two about the norms and practices of those ancient times. We can peek into the Greeks' perspectives on society, faith, and culture by scrutinizing vino consumption. For instance, the ancient Greeks saw wine as a vice, but only when it caused raucousness and disorder. However, they also viewed wine as a symbol of sophistication and culture, and it played a crucial part in their religious and societal rituals. Similarly, gambling was all the rage in medieval Europe among the highfalutin and the wealthy. The church and the ruling elite frowned upon this vice, but it also served as a way to socialize and form connections. By studying gambling in medieval Europe, we can gain insight into the values and social dynamics of that time, as well as the role of vices in the lives of the powerful.
But here's the thing, folks. Vices, as they say, can be a double-edged sword. Sure, it may seem fascinating to delve into the dark underbelly of humanity and explore the various addictions and indulgences that define us. But there's a danger lurking beneath the surface, my friends. Take opium smoking in China, for instance. It was all the rage in the 19th and early 20th centuries. But with popularity comes scrutiny, and soon enough, this vice became associated with moral decay and social disorder. And let's not forget how it was used as a symbol of China's supposed weakness and inferiority in the eyes of the Western world.
We can study these vices and try to understand them better. But let's not forget that we risk perpetuating negative stereotypes and stigmatizing entire cultures and societies. It's a fine line we tread, my friends, a fantastic line indeed. Studying the vices of prostitution, homosexuality, and drug use in Western societies can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and ostracize already marginalized communities. It's crucial to approach these subjects tactfully and understand, eschewing any reinforcement of discriminatory beliefs or attitudes. Studying sins can give us a peek into the deepest, darkest corners of human behavior. It's like looking into the abyss and seeing what kind of freaky shit we're capable of.
But it's not just about getting our jollies from studying the seedy underbelly of society. No, sir, this is about understanding cultural norms and societal values. We can learn how our ancestors dealt with moral and ethical dilemmas and how they built their cultural identities. And that's important, man. Cause if we don't learn from the past, we're doomed to repeat it. And let's remember ourselves, my friends. By studying vices, we can take a long hard look in the mirror and reflect on our values and behaviors. It's like shining a blacklight on our souls, man. We can see all the stains and blemishes we've tried to hide. But that's okay cause we can use that knowledge to understand better the crazy social and cultural dynamics of our own time. So don't be afraid to embrace the dark side, folks. It's all part of the ride. Just make sure you buckle up because it will be wild.
Listen, lads, the past is full of vice and sin, but it isn't all bad. If you study it right, you can learn a thing or two about human nature, culture, and society. Mind you; there be pitfalls on this path - we want to avoid the fires of bigotry and hate. We should approach this study carefully and understand, lest we fall into the same traps as our ancestors. But, mark my words, by studying vice and sin in the annals of history, we can better grasp our values and behaviors and the intricate workings of our world.
THE RUNDOWN
- To understand why people behave the way they do and the beliefs and customs of a society, it's essential to learn about vices.
- Vices give us a glimpse into how people lived in different times and places and what was important to them.
- However, we must be careful when studying vices because it can lead to stereotypes and unfair treatment of certain groups.
- We should approach the topic sensitively and avoid reinforcing prejudices or negative attitudes.
- By studying vices, we can learn from our mistakes and consider what values are important to us.
- By looking at how people in the past thought about sins, we can gain a better understanding of how the world works.
THE STATE OF THE UNION
January 26, 1837 - Michigan Territory was admitted as the twenty-sixth state, Michigan.
In the grand political theater of 1837, Queen Victoria ascends the British throne, ushering in an era of industrial, cultural, and scientific upheaval with all the subtlety of a brass band. Across the Atlantic, Martin Van Buren steps into the U.S. presidency, just in time for the Panic of 1837 to send banks and businesses crashing like a poorly made soufflé. In France, King Louis-Philippe I presides over a liberal monarchy floundering in the shadow of the Bourbon Restoration. Meanwhile, Latin American nations, freshly independent, patch together governments amidst internal strife, still haunted by their colonial past. The Industrial Revolution, a seismic shift in human history, accelerated, and railways and factories transformed landscapes and labor dynamics. The Romantic movement blooms, with Charles Dickens capturing societal absurdities, while the fight against slavery stirs, slow yet relentless. Innovations in communication and medicine hint at a modern world, even as the British Empire's expansion and European colonialism cast long shadows. Urbanization reshapes daily life, cities ballooning with factory workers navigating new, harsh realities. As railways revolutionize travel, the chaotic tapestry of 1837 tangles tradition with transformation, setting the stage for the modern era's bewildering spectacle.
HIGHLIGHTS
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We've got some fine classroom lectures coming your way, all courtesy of the RPTM podcast. These lectures will take you on a wild ride through history, exploring everything from ancient civilizations and epic battles to scientific breakthroughs and artistic revolutions. The podcast will guide you through each lecture with its no-nonsense, straight-talking style, using various sources to give you the lowdown on each topic. You won't find any fancy-pants jargon or convoluted theories here, just plain and straightforward explanations anyone can understand. So sit back and prepare to soak up some knowledge.
LECTURES
LECTURES
The Reading section—a realm where our aspirations of enlightenment often clash with the harsh realities of procrastination and the desperate reliance on Google. We soldier on through dense texts, promised 'broadening perspectives' but often wrestling with existential dread and academic pressure. With a healthy dose of sarcasm and a strong cup of coffee, I'll be your guide on this wild journey from dusty tomes to the murky depths of postmodernism. In the midst of all the pretentious prose, there's a glimmer of insight: we're all in this together, united in our struggle to survive without losing our sanity.
READING
This class utilizes the following textbook:
Carnes, Mark C., and John A. Garraty. American Destiny: Narrative of a Nation. 4th ed. Vol. 1.: Pearson, 2011.
Mark C. Carnes and John A. Garraty are respected historians who have made notable contributions to American history. First, we've got Carnes - this guy's a real maverick when it comes to studying the good ol' US of A. He's all about the secret societies that helped shape our culture in the 1800s. You know, the ones that operated behind closed doors had their fingers in all sorts of pies. Carnes is the man who can unravel those mysteries and give us a glimpse into the underbelly of American culture. We've also got Garraty in the mix. This guy's no slouch either - he's known for taking a big-picture view of American history and bringing it to life with his engaging writing style. Whether profiling famous figures from our past or digging deep into a particular aspect of our nation's history, Garraty always keeps it accurate and accessible. You don't need a Ph.D. to understand what he's saying, and that's why he's a true heavyweight in the field.
RUNDOWN
READING
- Carnes Chapter 8 “Jacksonian Democracy”
- “Donald Trump and the Legacy of Andrew Jackson” by Steve Inskeep
This class utilizes the following textbook:
Carnes, Mark C., and John A. Garraty. American Destiny: Narrative of a Nation. 4th ed. Vol. 1.: Pearson, 2011.
Mark C. Carnes and John A. Garraty are respected historians who have made notable contributions to American history. First, we've got Carnes - this guy's a real maverick when it comes to studying the good ol' US of A. He's all about the secret societies that helped shape our culture in the 1800s. You know, the ones that operated behind closed doors had their fingers in all sorts of pies. Carnes is the man who can unravel those mysteries and give us a glimpse into the underbelly of American culture. We've also got Garraty in the mix. This guy's no slouch either - he's known for taking a big-picture view of American history and bringing it to life with his engaging writing style. Whether profiling famous figures from our past or digging deep into a particular aspect of our nation's history, Garraty always keeps it accurate and accessible. You don't need a Ph.D. to understand what he's saying, and that's why he's a true heavyweight in the field.
RUNDOWN
- Jackson, a hero from the War of 1812, became the 7th president of the United States in 1829. His presidency marked the rise of the "common man" in American politics.
- During Jackson's era, more white men gained the right to vote as property requirements were lowered or eliminated. This period saw an increase in voter participation.
- The Democratic Party, led by Jackson, opposed the Whigs. The Democrats supported states' rights and a limited federal government, while the Whigs favored a strong federal government and industrial development.
- South Carolina declared that it could nullify federal laws it found unconstitutional, particularly tariffs. Jackson opposed this and passed the Force Bill, allowing the federal government to use military force if necessary.
- Jackson supported the removal of Native American tribes from their lands to territories west of the Mississippi River. This policy led to the infamous Trail of Tears, where thousands of Native Americans suffered and died.
- Jackson opposed the Second Bank of the United States, believing it had too much power and favored the wealthy. He vetoed the renewal of its charter and withdrew federal funds, placing them in state banks.
- The destruction of the national bank and other economic policies led to a financial crisis called the Panic of 1837, which caused a severe economic depression.
- Jackson's presidency is remembered for expanding democracy to more white men and for his controversial policies, particularly regarding Native Americans and his stance on the national bank. His strong-willed and populist approach changed the American political landscape.
Howard Zinn was a historian, writer, and political activist known for his critical analysis of American history. He is particularly well-known for his counter-narrative to traditional American history accounts and highlights marginalized groups' experiences and perspectives. Zinn's work is often associated with social history and is known for his Marxist and socialist views. Larry Schweikart is also a historian, but his work and perspective are often considered more conservative. Schweikart's work is often associated with military history, and he is known for his support of free-market economics and limited government. Overall, Zinn and Schweikart have different perspectives on various historical issues and events and may interpret historical events and phenomena differently. Occasionally, we will also look at Thaddeus Russell, a historian, author, and academic. Russell has written extensively on the history of social and cultural change, and his work focuses on how marginalized and oppressed groups have challenged and transformed mainstream culture. Russell is known for his unconventional and controversial ideas, and his work has been praised for its originality and provocative nature.
My classes utilize both Howard Zinn's A People's History of the United States and Larry Schweikart's Patriot's History of the United States, mostly in excerpts posted to the modules. You can access the full text of People's History or Patriot's History by clicking on the links.
My classes utilize both Howard Zinn's A People's History of the United States and Larry Schweikart's Patriot's History of the United States, mostly in excerpts posted to the modules. You can access the full text of People's History or Patriot's History by clicking on the links.
Zinn, A People's History of the United States
"... Slave revolts in the United States were not as frequent or as large-scale as those in the Caribbean islands or in South America. Probably the largest slave revolt in the United States took place near New Orleans in 1811. Four to five hundred slaves gathered after a rising at the plantation of a Major Andry. Armed with cane knives, axes, and clubs, they wounded Andry, killed his son, and began marching from plantation to plantation, their numbers growing. They were attacked by U.S. army and militia forces; sixty-six were killed on the spot, and sixteen were tried and shot by a firing squad.
The conspiracy of Denmark Vesey, himself a free Negro, was thwarted before it could be carried out in 1822. The plan was to burn Charleston, South Carolina, then the sixth-largest city in the nation, and to initiate a general revolt of slaves in the area. Several witnesses said thousands of blacks were implicated in one way or another. Blacks had made about 250 pike heads and bayonets and over three hundred daggers, according to Herbert Aptheker's account. But the plan was betrayed, and thirty-five blacks, including Vesey, were hanged. The trial record itself, published in Charleston, was ordered destroyed soon after publication, as too dangerous for slaves to see.
Nat Turner's rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, in the summer of 1831, threw the slaveholding South into a panic, and then into a determined effort to bolster the security of the slave system. Turner, claiming religious visions, gathered about seventy slaves, who went on a rampage from plantation to plantation, murdering at least fifty-five men, women, and children. They gathered supporters, but were captured as their ammunition ran out. Turner and perhaps eighteen others were hanged..."
"... Slave revolts in the United States were not as frequent or as large-scale as those in the Caribbean islands or in South America. Probably the largest slave revolt in the United States took place near New Orleans in 1811. Four to five hundred slaves gathered after a rising at the plantation of a Major Andry. Armed with cane knives, axes, and clubs, they wounded Andry, killed his son, and began marching from plantation to plantation, their numbers growing. They were attacked by U.S. army and militia forces; sixty-six were killed on the spot, and sixteen were tried and shot by a firing squad.
The conspiracy of Denmark Vesey, himself a free Negro, was thwarted before it could be carried out in 1822. The plan was to burn Charleston, South Carolina, then the sixth-largest city in the nation, and to initiate a general revolt of slaves in the area. Several witnesses said thousands of blacks were implicated in one way or another. Blacks had made about 250 pike heads and bayonets and over three hundred daggers, according to Herbert Aptheker's account. But the plan was betrayed, and thirty-five blacks, including Vesey, were hanged. The trial record itself, published in Charleston, was ordered destroyed soon after publication, as too dangerous for slaves to see.
Nat Turner's rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, in the summer of 1831, threw the slaveholding South into a panic, and then into a determined effort to bolster the security of the slave system. Turner, claiming religious visions, gathered about seventy slaves, who went on a rampage from plantation to plantation, murdering at least fifty-five men, women, and children. They gathered supporters, but were captured as their ammunition ran out. Turner and perhaps eighteen others were hanged..."
Larry Schweikart, A Patriot's History of the United States
"... Not surprisingly, after the Nat Turner rebellion in August 1831, which left fifty-seven whites brutally murdered, many Southern churches abandoned their view that slavery was a necessary evil and accepted the desirability of slavery as a means of social control. Turner’s was not the first active resistance to slavery. Colonial precedents included the Charleston Plot, and in 1807 two shiploads of slaves starved themselves to death rather than submit to the auction block. In 1822 a South Carolina court condemned Denmark Vesey to the gallows for, it claimed, leading an uprising. Vesey, a slave who had won a lottery and purchased his freedom with the winnings, established an African Methodist Church in Charleston, which had three thousand members. Although it was taken as gospel for more than a century that Vesey actually led a rebellion, historian Michael Johnson, obtaining the original court records, has recently cast doubt on whether any slave revolt occurred at all. Johnson argues that the court, using testimony from a few slaves obtained through torture or coercion, framed Vesey and many others. Ultimately, he and thirty-five
conspirators” were hanged, but the “rebellion” may well have been a creation of the court’s.
In addition to the Vesey and Nat Turner uprisings, slave runaways were becoming more common, as demonstrated by the thousands who escaped and thousands more who were hunted down and maimed or killed. Nat Turner, however, threw a different scare into Southerners because he claimed as the inspiration for his actions the prompting of the Holy Spirit. A 'sign appearing inthe heavens,' he told Thomas Gray, would indicate the proper time to ;fight against the
Serpent.' The episode brought Virginia to a turning point—emancipation or complete repression—and it chose the latter. All meetings of free blacks or mulattoes were prohibited, even 'under the pretense or pretext of attending a religious meeting.' Anne Arundel County,Maryland, enacted a resolution requiring vigilante committees to visit the houses of every free black 'regularly' for 'prompt correction of misconduct,”'or in other words, to intimidate them into staying indoors. The message of the Vesey/Turner rebellions was also clear to whites: blacks had to be kept from Christianity, and Christianity from blacks, unless a new variant of Christianity could be concocted that explained black slavery in terms of the “curse of Ham” or some other misreading of scripture.
If religion constituted one pillar of proslavery enforcement, the law constituted another. Historian David Grimsted, examining riots in the antebellum period, found that by 1835 the civic disturbances had taken on a distinctly racial flavor. Nearly half of the riots in 1835 were slave or racially related, but those in the South uniquely had overtones of mob violence supported, or at the very least, tolerated, by the legal authorities. Censorship of mails and newspapers from the North, forced conscription of free Southern whites into slave patrols, and infringements on free speech all gradually laid the groundwork for the South to become a police state; meanwhile,
controversies over free speech and the right of assembly gave the abolitionists the issue with which they ultimately went mainstream: the problem of white rights affected by the culture and practice of slave mastery.
By addressing white rights to free speech, instead of black rights, abolitionists sanitized their views, which in many cases lay so outside the accepted norms that to fully publicize them would risk ridicule and dismissal. This had the effect of putting them on the right side of history. The free-love and communitarian movements’ association with antislavery was unfortunate and served to discredit many of the genuine Christian reformers who had stood in the vanguard of the abolition movement..."
"... Not surprisingly, after the Nat Turner rebellion in August 1831, which left fifty-seven whites brutally murdered, many Southern churches abandoned their view that slavery was a necessary evil and accepted the desirability of slavery as a means of social control. Turner’s was not the first active resistance to slavery. Colonial precedents included the Charleston Plot, and in 1807 two shiploads of slaves starved themselves to death rather than submit to the auction block. In 1822 a South Carolina court condemned Denmark Vesey to the gallows for, it claimed, leading an uprising. Vesey, a slave who had won a lottery and purchased his freedom with the winnings, established an African Methodist Church in Charleston, which had three thousand members. Although it was taken as gospel for more than a century that Vesey actually led a rebellion, historian Michael Johnson, obtaining the original court records, has recently cast doubt on whether any slave revolt occurred at all. Johnson argues that the court, using testimony from a few slaves obtained through torture or coercion, framed Vesey and many others. Ultimately, he and thirty-five
conspirators” were hanged, but the “rebellion” may well have been a creation of the court’s.
In addition to the Vesey and Nat Turner uprisings, slave runaways were becoming more common, as demonstrated by the thousands who escaped and thousands more who were hunted down and maimed or killed. Nat Turner, however, threw a different scare into Southerners because he claimed as the inspiration for his actions the prompting of the Holy Spirit. A 'sign appearing inthe heavens,' he told Thomas Gray, would indicate the proper time to ;fight against the
Serpent.' The episode brought Virginia to a turning point—emancipation or complete repression—and it chose the latter. All meetings of free blacks or mulattoes were prohibited, even 'under the pretense or pretext of attending a religious meeting.' Anne Arundel County,Maryland, enacted a resolution requiring vigilante committees to visit the houses of every free black 'regularly' for 'prompt correction of misconduct,”'or in other words, to intimidate them into staying indoors. The message of the Vesey/Turner rebellions was also clear to whites: blacks had to be kept from Christianity, and Christianity from blacks, unless a new variant of Christianity could be concocted that explained black slavery in terms of the “curse of Ham” or some other misreading of scripture.
If religion constituted one pillar of proslavery enforcement, the law constituted another. Historian David Grimsted, examining riots in the antebellum period, found that by 1835 the civic disturbances had taken on a distinctly racial flavor. Nearly half of the riots in 1835 were slave or racially related, but those in the South uniquely had overtones of mob violence supported, or at the very least, tolerated, by the legal authorities. Censorship of mails and newspapers from the North, forced conscription of free Southern whites into slave patrols, and infringements on free speech all gradually laid the groundwork for the South to become a police state; meanwhile,
controversies over free speech and the right of assembly gave the abolitionists the issue with which they ultimately went mainstream: the problem of white rights affected by the culture and practice of slave mastery.
By addressing white rights to free speech, instead of black rights, abolitionists sanitized their views, which in many cases lay so outside the accepted norms that to fully publicize them would risk ridicule and dismissal. This had the effect of putting them on the right side of history. The free-love and communitarian movements’ association with antislavery was unfortunate and served to discredit many of the genuine Christian reformers who had stood in the vanguard of the abolition movement..."
Thaddeus Russell, A Renegade History of the United States
"... Many slave women also physically attacked pursuers, though a more common response was to run away-usually not forever, but
quite frequently for days, weeks, or months at a time. The historian Stephanie Camp has found records from plantations showing that female slaves constituted from 19 percent to 41 percent of truants and that their absences averaged six days. Angry slaves were also dangerous slaves, and in addition to the documented cases of slaves’ lethal vengeance, there were many stories of poison or ground glass mixed in with the master’s food and white children under the care of slave women who died unexpectedly.
Slave mistresses were also a potent force operating against the free exercise of a masters’ sexual desires. Liaisons with slave women were sometimes tolerated, but they were aluays considered to be shameful and required to be kept hidden. According to historian Catherine Clinton, who was the first to write on this issue, white men 'were required in their public lives to obey the plantation culture's rigid dictates concerning race and sex.' Many prominent members of the Southern gentry lost their place in 'decent society' when their encounters with slaves were revealed..."
"... Many slave women also physically attacked pursuers, though a more common response was to run away-usually not forever, but
quite frequently for days, weeks, or months at a time. The historian Stephanie Camp has found records from plantations showing that female slaves constituted from 19 percent to 41 percent of truants and that their absences averaged six days. Angry slaves were also dangerous slaves, and in addition to the documented cases of slaves’ lethal vengeance, there were many stories of poison or ground glass mixed in with the master’s food and white children under the care of slave women who died unexpectedly.
Slave mistresses were also a potent force operating against the free exercise of a masters’ sexual desires. Liaisons with slave women were sometimes tolerated, but they were aluays considered to be shameful and required to be kept hidden. According to historian Catherine Clinton, who was the first to write on this issue, white men 'were required in their public lives to obey the plantation culture's rigid dictates concerning race and sex.' Many prominent members of the Southern gentry lost their place in 'decent society' when their encounters with slaves were revealed..."
The tale of slave resistance in the pre-Civil War United States is a labyrinthine chronicle filled with uprisings, escapes, and the subsequent Southern crackdowns that aimed to quell the flames of rebellion. Although it must be said that slave revolts were less common and grandiose than their Caribbean and South American counterparts, they played a pivotal role in fortifying the institution of slavery as an instrument of societal dominance. Moreover, the prevalence of runaways, the defiance displayed by courageous women, and the occasional bouts of lethal retribution disrupted the shackles of bondage, compelling lawmakers to curtail free blacks' rights and suppress any dissent. These unfolding events, combined with the manipulation of religion and the metamorphosis of the South into a veritable police state, greatly influenced the trajectory of the abolitionist movement and shaped the convoluted conversation surrounding the concept of white rights. In exploring the historical significance of slave resistance, one inevitably unearths its enduring relevance in comprehending present-day issues, underscoring the criticality of delving into this subject matter today.
In the wild depths of history, amidst the turbulence of yesteryear's rebellious rumblings, two notable chapters emerge the New Orleans uprising of 1811 and the Denmark Vesey conspiracy in 1822. While these insurrections may have lacked the grandiosity found in other corners of the land, the Southern authorities, always quick to seize opportunities, exploited these occurrences to tighten their iron grip on power. Justifying their repressive measures with the specter of revolt, they hammered into the collective consciousness the notion that slavery was an indispensable cog in the machinery of societal harmony. In response, the watchful eyes of surveillance intensified their gaze upon the enslaved, their control growing ever more suffocating. Amidst this cauldron of tension, tales of runaway slaves and the courageous resistance of women reverberated through the air, punctuating the narrative. Yet, tragically, lethal retaliation stood as the remorseless shadow cast by those who dared to challenge the oppressive status quo. Thus, the volatile saga of human struggle unfolded, driven by audacious and sinister forces, painting a vivid portrait of a troubled age.
They were escaping the clutches of oppression, forging maroon communities that defied the chains of bondage—how those rebels rattled the foundation! Just like Harriet Tubman and Frederick Douglass, legendary fugitives who danced on the edge of freedom. Yet, it wasn't just the men who dared to defy; the women wove their resistance with threads of defiance. Their strength, both seen and hidden, is an indomitable force. And when the lash of rebellion cut through the air, like the sharp sting of Nat Turner's uprising, it sent shivers down the spines of slaveholders. Panic gripped their hearts, for they knew the truth: the spirit of freedom was contagious, a flame that refused to be extinguished. In response, the Southern lords tightened their grip, crafting strict slave codes to shackle the restless souls and stripping away the rights of those daring to be free. But even in the darkest corners, hope remained, flickering like a lone candle, for the fight for liberation would never rest, and the maroons would rise, their spirit unyielding, their quest for freedom unwavering.
The Southern transformation is a slow dance toward an exquisite police state. Surveillance sprouted like dandelions, restrictions on movement blossomed, and patrols marched with gusto. Ah, the nostalgic echoes of slave patrols and the infamous Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 perpetuating the ever-charming white dominance and preserving the oh-so-comfortable status quo. Dissent was squashed like a rebellious ant under a jackboot as avenues for organizing resistance were merrily constrained. And the Abolitionist Movement felt the sting of this oppressive waltz while the grand discourse on white rights hummed its arrogant tune—the South, where progress twirled in a tragicomic ballet of repression and power.
Slave resistance was the secret ingredient that seasoned the abolitionist movement, leaving an indelible mark on the pages of history. These acts of defiance and rebellions against the oppressive chains made it impossible to swallow the narrative of the contented enslaved person, forcing society to reckon with the bitter truth. Each resistance effort lifted the veil of ignorance, exposing the dark underbelly of a system built on brutality and injustice. Through the powerful voices of slave narratives and firsthand accounts, the collective consciousness began to simmer with the reality of their suffering, challenging the conscience of a nation. Suddenly, the discourse shifted as the focus turned to the rights of the white oppressors and their moral obligations.
If you're seeking a compelling reason to delve into the study of slave resistance, let me guide you through a rabbit hole of intellectual wonder. Unearthing the origins of systemic racism and inequality in the United States will give you enough intellectual fodder to last a lifetime. Picture this: by delving into the chronicles of history, you can witness the remarkable agency and unwavering resilience of enslaved people. These individuals were not mere pawns in a game of oppression; they were formidable chess masters plotting their moves toward liberation. As we unlock the secrets of their strategies, we simultaneously challenge the status quo and open our minds to multiple perspectives. Through this pursuit, we can arm ourselves with the knowledge needed to fuel ongoing struggles for social justice and human rights.
The tumultuous history of slave resistance in the United States is a tangled web of rebellion, escape, and the subsequent crackdown by the oppressive Southern powers. While slave uprisings were not a daily occurrence, their impact was far-reaching, serving as a potent fuel to uphold the institution of slavery as a means of keeping the masses in check. The defiance of runaway slaves, the defiance of courageous women, and the brutal acts of retaliation all conspired to disrupt the chains of bondage, forcing the authorities to respond with an iron fist, effectively transforming the South into an authoritarian police state. These developments not only shaped the course of the abolitionist movement but also had a profound impact on the discourse surrounding the rights of the privileged white class. In our present age, a meticulous study of this subject is paramount, for it offers invaluable insights into the origins of systemic racism, amplifies the individual agency of enslaved people, and provides essential knowledge to fuel the ongoing battle for social justice.
THE RUNDOWN
QUESTIONS
In the wild depths of history, amidst the turbulence of yesteryear's rebellious rumblings, two notable chapters emerge the New Orleans uprising of 1811 and the Denmark Vesey conspiracy in 1822. While these insurrections may have lacked the grandiosity found in other corners of the land, the Southern authorities, always quick to seize opportunities, exploited these occurrences to tighten their iron grip on power. Justifying their repressive measures with the specter of revolt, they hammered into the collective consciousness the notion that slavery was an indispensable cog in the machinery of societal harmony. In response, the watchful eyes of surveillance intensified their gaze upon the enslaved, their control growing ever more suffocating. Amidst this cauldron of tension, tales of runaway slaves and the courageous resistance of women reverberated through the air, punctuating the narrative. Yet, tragically, lethal retaliation stood as the remorseless shadow cast by those who dared to challenge the oppressive status quo. Thus, the volatile saga of human struggle unfolded, driven by audacious and sinister forces, painting a vivid portrait of a troubled age.
They were escaping the clutches of oppression, forging maroon communities that defied the chains of bondage—how those rebels rattled the foundation! Just like Harriet Tubman and Frederick Douglass, legendary fugitives who danced on the edge of freedom. Yet, it wasn't just the men who dared to defy; the women wove their resistance with threads of defiance. Their strength, both seen and hidden, is an indomitable force. And when the lash of rebellion cut through the air, like the sharp sting of Nat Turner's uprising, it sent shivers down the spines of slaveholders. Panic gripped their hearts, for they knew the truth: the spirit of freedom was contagious, a flame that refused to be extinguished. In response, the Southern lords tightened their grip, crafting strict slave codes to shackle the restless souls and stripping away the rights of those daring to be free. But even in the darkest corners, hope remained, flickering like a lone candle, for the fight for liberation would never rest, and the maroons would rise, their spirit unyielding, their quest for freedom unwavering.
The Southern transformation is a slow dance toward an exquisite police state. Surveillance sprouted like dandelions, restrictions on movement blossomed, and patrols marched with gusto. Ah, the nostalgic echoes of slave patrols and the infamous Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 perpetuating the ever-charming white dominance and preserving the oh-so-comfortable status quo. Dissent was squashed like a rebellious ant under a jackboot as avenues for organizing resistance were merrily constrained. And the Abolitionist Movement felt the sting of this oppressive waltz while the grand discourse on white rights hummed its arrogant tune—the South, where progress twirled in a tragicomic ballet of repression and power.
Slave resistance was the secret ingredient that seasoned the abolitionist movement, leaving an indelible mark on the pages of history. These acts of defiance and rebellions against the oppressive chains made it impossible to swallow the narrative of the contented enslaved person, forcing society to reckon with the bitter truth. Each resistance effort lifted the veil of ignorance, exposing the dark underbelly of a system built on brutality and injustice. Through the powerful voices of slave narratives and firsthand accounts, the collective consciousness began to simmer with the reality of their suffering, challenging the conscience of a nation. Suddenly, the discourse shifted as the focus turned to the rights of the white oppressors and their moral obligations.
If you're seeking a compelling reason to delve into the study of slave resistance, let me guide you through a rabbit hole of intellectual wonder. Unearthing the origins of systemic racism and inequality in the United States will give you enough intellectual fodder to last a lifetime. Picture this: by delving into the chronicles of history, you can witness the remarkable agency and unwavering resilience of enslaved people. These individuals were not mere pawns in a game of oppression; they were formidable chess masters plotting their moves toward liberation. As we unlock the secrets of their strategies, we simultaneously challenge the status quo and open our minds to multiple perspectives. Through this pursuit, we can arm ourselves with the knowledge needed to fuel ongoing struggles for social justice and human rights.
The tumultuous history of slave resistance in the United States is a tangled web of rebellion, escape, and the subsequent crackdown by the oppressive Southern powers. While slave uprisings were not a daily occurrence, their impact was far-reaching, serving as a potent fuel to uphold the institution of slavery as a means of keeping the masses in check. The defiance of runaway slaves, the defiance of courageous women, and the brutal acts of retaliation all conspired to disrupt the chains of bondage, forcing the authorities to respond with an iron fist, effectively transforming the South into an authoritarian police state. These developments not only shaped the course of the abolitionist movement but also had a profound impact on the discourse surrounding the rights of the privileged white class. In our present age, a meticulous study of this subject is paramount, for it offers invaluable insights into the origins of systemic racism, amplifies the individual agency of enslaved people, and provides essential knowledge to fuel the ongoing battle for social justice.
THE RUNDOWN
- Slave resistance in the pre-Civil War United States was filled with uprisings, escapes, and Southern crackdowns.
- Slave revolts were less common than those in the Caribbean and South America but played a crucial role in strengthening slavery.
- Runaway slaves, courageous women, and retaliatory actions disrupted the institution of slavery.
- Religion was manipulated, and the South became a police state to control dissent.
- The New Orleans uprising of 1811 and the Denmark Vesey conspiracy in 1822 were significant events that Southern authorities exploited to tighten their grip on power.
- Surveillance and control over enslaved individuals intensified as a response to resistance.
- Runaway slaves formed maroon communities, and notable figures like Harriet Tubman and Frederick Douglass challenged the system.
- The Southern lords responded with strict slave codes and limitations on rights.
- The Southern transformation led to a police state with surveillance, movement restrictions, and the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.
- The Abolitionist Movement faced constraints, and the discourse shifted to white rights.
- Slave resistance influenced the abolitionist movement and exposed the dark reality of slavery.
- Studying slave resistance reveals the origins of systemic racism and inequality in the United States.
- Enslaved people showed agency and resilience, challenging the status quo.
- Understanding slave resistance equips us with knowledge of ongoing struggles for social justice and human rights.
QUESTIONS
- Discuss the role of lethal retribution and brutal crackdowns by Southern authorities in suppressing slave resistance. How did these actions impact the trajectory of the abolitionist movement?
- In what ways did religion play a manipulative role in perpetuating the institution of slavery and quelling slave resistance? Provide examples to support your answer.
- Explore the transformation of the South into a police state as a response to slave resistance. How did increased surveillance, restrictions on movement, and slave patrols contribute to maintaining the status quo of white dominance?
William Henry Shelton's wood engraving depicting the capture of Nat Turner, who led a rebellion of enslaved people from their enslavers in Virginia in 1831.
Prepare to be transported into the captivating realm of historical films and videos. Brace yourselves for a mind-bending odyssey through time as we embark on a cinematic expedition. Within these flickering frames, the past morphs into a vivid tapestry of triumphs, tragedies, and transformative moments that have shaped the very fabric of our existence. We shall immerse ourselves in a whirlwind of visual narratives, dissecting the nuances of artistic interpretations, examining the storytelling techniques, and voraciously devouring historical accuracy with the ferocity of a time-traveling historian. So strap in, hold tight, and prepare to have your perception of history forever shattered by the mesmerizing lens of the camera.
THE RUNDOWN
The Trail of Tears, a dark chapter in American history, unfolded despite everyone and their mother knowing it was wrong. It was a trifecta of wrongdoing: illegal, unconstitutional, and downright immoral. A unified Cherokee Nation, rooted in centuries of communal living, was forcibly torn apart by those wielding power. Now, they're scattered across the US and even Mexico, a shadow of their former selves. Lives were lost, with death tolls disputed but undoubtedly high, as the vulnerable elderly and infants struggled through treacherous marches over thousands of miles. And what was the excuse for this madness? A bald-faced lie claiming the Cherokees couldn't adapt to the new US environment, even though they had a thriving society, complete with a written language, a ratified constitution, and institutions of higher learning. Who needs facts when you can justify stealing land and property from the Cherokees? Constitutionally, it was a no-go from the start, with the Georgia state legislature trying to dissolve the Cherokee Nation and grab their goodies.
The Supreme Court even ruled in favor of the Cherokees in Worcester v. Georgia, but President Andrew Jackson shrugged it off like a pesky fly. Then there's the New Echota treaty, signed by a mere handful of Cherokee citizens who believed it was their only shot at survival, even though it violated their laws. Legit leaders like John Ross fought tooth and nail to expose the illegitimacy of it all, but Congress conveniently took a day off to mourn a duel instead of facing the truth. Lessons abound in this tragic saga: the erosion of checks and balances, the rampant ethnic cleansing, and the blatant land grab masked as progress. But let's not forget the courageous souls who stood against the atrocity, from Chief Ross to Davy Crocket, who lost his political career for refusing to support the madness. So, in the twisted tapestry of American history, let's not shy away from the truth, even if it stains our national consciousness. It's a reminder that wrongdoing can't hide behind the guise of certainty and that there will always be those who dare to fight against the tide of darkness.
Welcome to the mind-bending Key Terms extravaganza of our history class learning module. Brace yourselves; we will unravel the cryptic codes, secret handshakes, and linguistic labyrinths that make up the twisted tapestry of historical knowledge. These key terms are the Rosetta Stones of our academic journey, the skeleton keys to unlocking the enigmatic doors of comprehension. They're like historical Swiss Army knives, equipped with blades of definition and corkscrews of contextual examples, ready to pierce through the fog of confusion and liberate your intellectual curiosity. By harnessing the power of these mighty key terms, you'll possess the superhuman ability to traverse the treacherous terrains of primary sources, surf the tumultuous waves of academic texts, and engage in epic battles of historical debate. The past awaits, and the key terms are keys to unlocking its dazzling secrets.
KEY TERMS
KEY TERMS
- Jackson's Inaugural Party
- Liberia
- The Petticoat Affair
- The Tariff of Abominations
- Indian Removal Act of 1830
- Piracy Part 3
- Temperance Movement Begins
- The Trail of Tears
- The Book of Mormon
- Nat Turner
- Black Hawk War
- Nullification Crisis
- Unique American Style
- Afong Moy
- P.T. Barnum
- Texas Revolution
- Samuel Colt
- Panic of 1837
- Elijah P. Lovejoy
DISCLAIMER: Welcome scholars to the wild and wacky world of history class. This isn't your granddaddy's boring ol' lecture, baby. We will take a trip through time, which will be one wild ride. I know some of you are in a brick-and-mortar setting, while others are in the vast digital wasteland. But fear not; we're all in this together. Online students might miss out on some in-person interaction, but you can still join in on the fun. This little shindig aims to get you all engaged with the course material and understand how past societies have shaped the world we know today. We'll talk about revolutions, wars, and other crazy stuff. So get ready, kids, because it's going to be one heck of a trip. And for all, you online students out there, don't be shy. Please share your thoughts and ideas with the rest of us. The Professor will do his best to give everyone an equal opportunity to learn, so don't hold back. So, let's do this thing!
Activity #1: Trail of Choices
Objective: Explore the challenges faced by Native American tribes during the early 19th century as they navigated the impact of the Indian Removal Act. Make choices to understand the difficult decisions these communities had to make and see how different paths could lead to various outcomes.
Directions:
Activity #1: Trail of Choices
Objective: Explore the challenges faced by Native American tribes during the early 19th century as they navigated the impact of the Indian Removal Act. Make choices to understand the difficult decisions these communities had to make and see how different paths could lead to various outcomes.
Directions:
- Read each scenario carefully. You'll be presented with a decision to make at each step.
- Click one of the buttons to choose your path and see what happens next.
- Try to make the best choices to help your tribe survive and thrive.
- If you reach an ending, you can click the reset button to start over and try different options. Good luck!
Trail of Choices: The Path of Resistance
Welcome to 1830. The Indian Removal Act is about to change the course of history. What will you do? Choose wisely!
Activity #2: The Texas Revolution Game
Objective: Explore the key events and decisions that shaped the Texas Revolution through this interactive game. You'll step into the shoes of a Texan revolutionary and make choices that could change the course of history. Your goal is to successfully navigate the events leading to Texas' independence from Mexico, while learning about the important battles, leaders, and outcomes along the way.
Directions:
Good luck, and remember the Alamo!
Objective: Explore the key events and decisions that shaped the Texas Revolution through this interactive game. You'll step into the shoes of a Texan revolutionary and make choices that could change the course of history. Your goal is to successfully navigate the events leading to Texas' independence from Mexico, while learning about the important battles, leaders, and outcomes along the way.
Directions:
- Read the scenario presented at each step.
- Choose one of the two options to decide what happens next.
- Your choices will affect the story, so think carefully!
- Try to reach the end of the game to see how your decisions shaped Texas' history.
- If you finish or want to start over, click the "Restart the Revolution" button to play again.
Good luck, and remember the Alamo!
Ladies and gentlemen, gather 'round for the pièce de résistance of this classroom module - the summary section. As we embark on this tantalizing journey, we'll savor the exquisite flavors of knowledge, highlighting the fundamental ingredients and spices that have seasoned our minds throughout these captivating lessons. Prepare to indulge in a savory recap that will leave your intellectual taste buds tingling, serving as a passport to further enlightenment.
The Jacksonian era was a wild ride of democracy on the rise, with the Democratic Party leading the charge. It was a time of high-stakes showdowns like the Nullification Crisis, the Bank War, and the Indian Removal Act. But amidst the triumphs, darkness loomed as Native Americans suffered mistreatment. This era holds vital clues to the transformation of American democracy, the power games of the federal government, and the struggles of marginalized communities. Strap in and dive deep into this era to unlock the truths of our nation's evolution.
Vices offer a twisted window into the souls of societies. They show us what makes people tick, what they hold dear, and what ignites their passions. But beware, for delving into vices is a treacherous journey that can lead to prejudice and injustice. Approach this murky terrain with sensitivity, steering clear of reinforcing stereotypes or discrimination. Instead, let us learn from the twisted tales of the past, grasp the mistakes we made, and ponder the values that drive us today. And when it comes to slave resistance, be prepared for a tumultuous odyssey through uprisings, escapes, and Southern crackdowns. Witness the defiance of these courageous souls, the manipulation of religion, and the birth of a Southern police state. Uncover the chains that bound us and ignite the fire of social justice in the struggle for freedom and equality.
Or, in other words:
The Jacksonian era was a wild ride of democracy on the rise, with the Democratic Party leading the charge. It was a time of high-stakes showdowns like the Nullification Crisis, the Bank War, and the Indian Removal Act. But amidst the triumphs, darkness loomed as Native Americans suffered mistreatment. This era holds vital clues to the transformation of American democracy, the power games of the federal government, and the struggles of marginalized communities. Strap in and dive deep into this era to unlock the truths of our nation's evolution.
Vices offer a twisted window into the souls of societies. They show us what makes people tick, what they hold dear, and what ignites their passions. But beware, for delving into vices is a treacherous journey that can lead to prejudice and injustice. Approach this murky terrain with sensitivity, steering clear of reinforcing stereotypes or discrimination. Instead, let us learn from the twisted tales of the past, grasp the mistakes we made, and ponder the values that drive us today. And when it comes to slave resistance, be prepared for a tumultuous odyssey through uprisings, escapes, and Southern crackdowns. Witness the defiance of these courageous souls, the manipulation of religion, and the birth of a Southern police state. Uncover the chains that bound us and ignite the fire of social justice in the struggle for freedom and equality.
Or, in other words:
- The Jacksonian era was a time when democracy and the Democratic Party became important.
- Important events during this time were the Nullification Crisis, the Bank War, and the Indian Removal Act.
- This era had both positive and negative aspects. On the positive side, democracy expanded, and social reform movements started. However, Native Americans were mistreated.
- Studying this era helps us understand how American democracy evolved and how the government treated marginalized communities.
- Vices, like bad habits and behaviors, can teach us about people in different times and places.
- We need to be careful when studying vices to avoid stereotypes and treating certain groups unfairly.
- By learning about vices, we can learn from past mistakes and think about what values are important to us.
- Slave resistance during the pre-Civil War era included uprisings and escapes, and the South tried to control it.
- People like Harriet Tubman and Frederick Douglass challenged slavery and showed courage.
- Studying slave resistance helps us understand systemic racism and inequality in the United States.
- It also teaches us about the ongoing struggle for social justice and human rights.
ASSIGNMENTS
Forum Discussion #9
Cracked.com is an American humor website founded in 2005 by Jack O’Brien. It is descended from Cracked magazine, which dates back to 1958. Watch this short video and please answer the following question:
- Forum Discussion #9
Forum Discussion #9
Cracked.com is an American humor website founded in 2005 by Jack O’Brien. It is descended from Cracked magazine, which dates back to 1958. Watch this short video and please answer the following question:
After all the empirical evidence and sources you have looked at this week, is Andrew Jackson a president to be honored or vilified? Please cite examples to back your opinion.
Need help? Remember the Discussion Board Rubric.
THE RUNDOWN
Andrew Jackson, the rowdy seventh president of the United States, was a man of untamed and unconventional ways. He stormed into office driven by his desires, a raucous force of nature. A series of brutal duels punctuated Jackson's life, though the exact count remains elusive, where he faced off against adversaries with unyielding ferocity. Jackson was shot with the lead in a one-storied clash, but such a trifling matter failed to faze him while his foe met a grimmer fate. Running for the presidency in 1828, he earned the moniker "Old Hickory" for his fondness of wielding a hickory cane to unleash beatings upon those who dared cross him. Confronted by formidable opposition and even an attempt on his life, Jackson triumphed in politics. He threw a boisterous inaugural celebration, embodying the spirit of his wild nature. A failed assassination plot, orchestrated by Richard Lawrence, a man who fancied himself the rightful monarch of England, sought to silence the indomitable Jackson. Yet, with calm composure, Jackson squared off against his would-be assassin, emerging unscathed from the harrowing ordeal. While his presidency brimmed with audacious exploits, Jackson's words echoed with remorse, lamenting that he hadn't inflicted even more significant harm upon his adversaries.
Need help? Remember the Discussion Board Rubric.
THE RUNDOWN
Andrew Jackson, the rowdy seventh president of the United States, was a man of untamed and unconventional ways. He stormed into office driven by his desires, a raucous force of nature. A series of brutal duels punctuated Jackson's life, though the exact count remains elusive, where he faced off against adversaries with unyielding ferocity. Jackson was shot with the lead in a one-storied clash, but such a trifling matter failed to faze him while his foe met a grimmer fate. Running for the presidency in 1828, he earned the moniker "Old Hickory" for his fondness of wielding a hickory cane to unleash beatings upon those who dared cross him. Confronted by formidable opposition and even an attempt on his life, Jackson triumphed in politics. He threw a boisterous inaugural celebration, embodying the spirit of his wild nature. A failed assassination plot, orchestrated by Richard Lawrence, a man who fancied himself the rightful monarch of England, sought to silence the indomitable Jackson. Yet, with calm composure, Jackson squared off against his would-be assassin, emerging unscathed from the harrowing ordeal. While his presidency brimmed with audacious exploits, Jackson's words echoed with remorse, lamenting that he hadn't inflicted even more significant harm upon his adversaries.
Hey, welcome to the work cited section! Here's where you'll find all the heavy hitters that inspired the content you've just consumed. Some might think citations are as dull as unbuttered toast, but nothing gets my intellectual juices flowing like a good reference list. Don't get me wrong, just because we've cited a source; doesn't mean we're always going to see eye-to-eye. But that's the beauty of it - it's up to you to chew on the material and come to conclusions. Listen, we've gone to great lengths to ensure these citations are accurate, but let's face it, we're all human. So, give us a holler if you notice any mistakes or suggest more sources. We're always looking to up our game. Ultimately, it's all about pursuing knowledge and truth.
Work Cited:
Work Cited:
- Johnson, Walter. River of Dark Dreams: Slavery and Empire in the Cotton Kingdom. Harvard University Press, 2013.
- Rael, Patrick. Eighty-Eight Years: The Long Death of Slavery in the United States, 1777–1865. University of Georgia Press, 2015.
- Remini, Robert V. Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Democracy, 1833-1845. HarperCollins Publishers, 1984.
- Risjord, Norman K. Representative Americans: The Romantics. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2006.
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